Pillars of Health: Nutrition
Healthy Plate – Canada Food Guide (CFG)
Health Canada’s Food Guide helps you to plan healthy nutritious meals for your day. This includes vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and protein foods with a focus on consuming plant-based proteins regularly and making water your drink of choice.
Canada’s Food Guide snapshot provides you with your suggested healthy plate. It’s available in different languages and comes with tips and considerations, such as:
- Be mindful of your eating habits. Ask yourself simple questions about how you eat, what to eat, when to eat, and where to eat. Those questions help you to create a sense of awareness and encourage more healthy choices. This also helps in creating a positive eating pattern.
- Cook more often. Stock your kitchen with healthy ingredients. Moreover, cook your meals in big batches and store meal-size portions in a freezer for weekdays.
- Enjoy your food. Taste and smell food when you eat. Socialize and enjoy your food with others. It can also be more enjoyable if you add music in the background while you eat.
Nutrition in Indigenous Populations
The Canada Food Guide took into consideration eating habits of Indigenous populations. Health Canada and Indigenous Services Canada are working with First Nations, Inuit, and Métis people to support the development of distinction-based healthy eating tools as part of the revision process.
Wabano Centre – Health & Wellness page.
Food Labels
Being mindful of what you eat includes reading food labels. Food labels have two main sections:
Nutrition Facts
What to look for under Nutrition Facts? (AHA, 2020)
- Serving size: Pay attention to serving size as it’s helpful to indicate the size of single serving and the total number of servings per package.
- Calories: Indicate calories per serving. This helps in estimating total calories if more than one serving is consumed. For example, if one serving (25g) has 100 calories and the whole package (100g) is consumed, then total calories taken in are 400 calories.
- Limit your intake of added sugar, saturated fat, sodium and avoid trans fat.
- Beneficial nutrients: Make sure your body gets enough much-needed nutrients like fibre, iron, magnesium, calcium and vitamins.
Notes to consider when reading Food Labels: Look for protein and healthy fats
- Daily value percentages in Food Labels are based on 2,000 calories/day diet. The required daily calorie intake varies from one person to another based on factors such as physical activity, age, and gender. Accordingly, daily diet intake could be more/less than 2,000 calories. Thus, it is recommended to look at these percentages only to get an idea of which nutrients are large and those that are not in each serving.
- Nutrition claims can sometimes be deceiving, so make your food choice based on reasonable factors.
List of Ingredients
All food ingredients are listed under this section. Ingredients are listed according to their weight from high to low content. Pay attention to top ingredients and limit/avoid your intake of bad nutrients such as hydrogenated fats and added sugars.
Health Canada’s Interactive Nutrition Facts Table is a great tool to help read food labels and learn more about nutrients.
Recipes
How do you define a healthy recipe? Does a healthy diet mean low calories?
Healthy recipes vary in calories and ingredients. A low-calorie diet does not necessarily mean healthy food. Healthy food is rich with nutritious ingredients needed for our bodies to sustain our patterns of healthy living.
Here are a few tasty, nutritious meals and snacks that are easy to make, selected by the Health Promotion team.
Breakfast:
Lunch:
Dinner:
Apple Pancakes
Makes 12 pancakes.
Ingredients
- 2 cups flour
- 1/4 cup brown sugar
- 4 tsp baking powder
- 1 tsp salt
- 1 tsp cinnamon
- 2 eggs
- 1/2 cup oil
- 2 cups milk
- 1 medium apple peeled and grated
Instructions
- Mix all the dry ingredients together in a bowl and set aside.
- Mix the wet ingredients together in a small bowl.
- Slowly add the wet mixture into the dry ingredients until everything is mixed together.
- Pour mixture into small circles on a frying pan on medium-high heat. Cook until brown on both sides, serve hot.
Apple Chicken Faijtas
Ingredients
- 4-6 boneless chicken breasts
- 3~ apples (no core, diced or cut small)
- 1~ onion (chopped)
- 2 Peppers (1 green 1 other)
- 1 teaspoon butter or oil (for pan)
- 1 pack of fajitas
- 4 bacon strips (maple preferred)
- Salt and pepper (to taste)
- Pepper and onion spices
- Cheese (shredded, to taste)
- Fajita mix for chicken
Instructions
- Preheat the oven to 375° F
- Add chicken breasts to a baking sheet covered in tin foil. Bake at 375°F for 20-30 minutes until cooked through.
- In a frying pan, sauté the apples, onions, and peppers in some oil or butter with the spices to taste on medium-high heat until the vegetables and apples are soft.
- Chop the chicken as desired. Prepare fajitas with the vegetable mix, chicken, cheese, precooked bacon, and any other spices or toppings to taste. Enjoy!
Salad with Apples and Walnuts
Ingredients
- Torn lettuce and mixed greens
- 1 cucumber
- ½ cup of cherry tomatoes
- 1 red apple
- ½ cup quinoa
- ½ cup of thinly sliced strawberries
- ½ cup of walnuts
- Dressing: salt, 2 tbs of lemon juice, 2 tbs olive oil and 1 tbs vinegar.
Instructions
- Cook quinoa in a saucepan on the stovetop according to package instructions, set aside.
- In a small bowl, mix together the salt, lemon juice, olive oil, and vinegar. Set aside.
- Chop fruit and vegetables into bite-sized pieces.
- Chop walnuts if desired, or leave whole.
- In a large bowl, mix together the chopped fruit and vegetables, quinoa, and walnuts. Drizzle the dressing over the salad mix and toss to mix well. Serve and enjoy!
Caramel Apple smoothie
Ingredients
- 1 green apple
- Pinch of salt
- 1 tablespoon hemp seeds
- 1 frozen banana
- Almond milk (add to your preference inconsistency)
- Pinch of cinnamon
Instructions
- Peel the green apple and chop it into smaller pieces
- Add all ingredients into a blender and blend until smooth
- Pour into a glass and enjoy!
Apple Dump Cake
Ingredients
- 6 apples, peeled, cored, and thinly sliced
- 1/2 cup roughly chopped pecans
- 1/2 cup packed brown sugar
- 1/4 cup granulated sugar
- 1 tsp. ground cinnamon
- 1 tsp. pure vanilla extract
- Pinch kosher salt
- 1 box yellow cake mix
- 3/4 c. (1 1/2 sticks) butter, cut into small cubes
- Vanilla ice cream, for serving
Instructions
- Add ingredients to the yellow cake mix in a large mixing bowl. Stir until everything is mixed together.
- Pour cake mixture into a greased cake pan and cook according to cake instruction on the box. Let cool before serving.
- Optional: serve with vanilla icecream.
Additional Recipe Resources
For more healthy recipes, check out the following resources:
Nutrition Around the World
General Tso’s Tofu with Noodles and Greens
General Tso’s Tofu with Noodles and Greens
Ingredients (Tofu)
- 1 block (500g) extra firm tofu
- 3 tbsp Tamari (G/F Soya Sauce)
- 1 tsp chilli garlic sauce (Sambal)
- 1 tsp sesame oil
- 2 tbsp Canola oil
- 1 tbsp maple syrup
- 4 tbsp corn starch
Ingredients (Sauce)
- 1 tbsp sesame oil
- 2 tbsp cornstarch
- 2 cloves garlic (minced)
- 1 tbsp fresh ginger minced
- 1 tbsp rice vinegar
- ¼ cup maple syrup
- 3 tbsp Tamari sauce
- 3 tbsp water
Ingredients (Stir Fry)
- 1 tbsp sesame oil
- 2 stocks Green onion roughly chopped
- 1 small head broccoli, separated and blanched
- 5 red chilli peppers
- 1 tsp sesame seeds (optional)
Ingredients (Noodles)
- 1 pkg rice noodles (linguini or vermicelli)
- 2 lt very warm water
- Salt
Directions
- Bloom the rice noodles by soaking in warm water until noodles are white and pliable.
- Cut tofu into ¾ inch cubes and place on a clean absorbent towel. Wrap the towel to dry the tofu and set aside.
- Prepare stir-fry sauce by combining the following in a small mixing bowl and whisk thoroughly to combine. Taste and adjust seasonings as needed. Bring to a slow boil over medium heat. Then remove from heat.
- sesame oil
- cornstarch
- minced garlic
- minced ginger
- rice vinegar
- maple syrup
- tamari sauce
- water
- Add tofu to a shallow mixing bowl and top with tamari sauce, chilli garlic sauce, sesame oil, and maple syrup (DO NOT ADD CORNSTARCH AT THIS TIME). Toss to combine. Let rest 2-3 minutes, stirring occasionally.
- Use a slotted spoon or fork to transfer tofu large freezer bag. Add cornstarch, close bag and continue tossing until tofu is coated in a gummy, white layer.
- In a heated saucepan or skillet, add 2 tbsp (amount as original recipe is written // adjust if altering batch size) Canola oil and let warm for 30 seconds. Then add tofu to the pan (leaving any excess cornstarch behind).
- Toss gently until golden brown on all sides and remove from pan.
- Return the pan to high heat and add sesame oil, chopped vegetables, and chillies and sauté for 3 minutes until greens are bright in colour and El dente to the touch.
- Add the sauce ingredients and browned tofu and toss thoroughly.
- Add the rice noodles and toss completely using tongs.
- Place on serving dish and garnish with toasted sesame seeds.
Note: noodles can be heated and left plain with tofu on top if desired.
Fried Falafel and Tabbouleh Pita
Fried Falafel and Tabbouleh Pita Recipe
Ingredients (Falafel):
- 1 lb chickpeas (roasted or canned)
- 2 clove garlic chopped fine
- 1 bunch green onion chopped fine
- 2 tbsp parsley chopped fine
- 1 tsp ground cumin
- 1 tsp ground coriander
- Pinch cayenne pepper
- 1 tsp salt
- ½ tsp black pepper
- 1 tbsp tahini paste
- 1 egg beaten
- ¼ cup fine bread crumbs
Directions
1. Process chickpeas in a food processor until well chopped but not pureed
2. Add remaining ingredients and mix well
3. To make the falafel balls, separate into equal portions or use an ice cream scoop
4. Flatten out with fingers.
5. Deep fry at 350 f until browned and crisp
Tabbouleh
Stage 1
4 oz bulger wheat
1. Place bulger wheat in a mixing bowl, and cover with 8 oz boiling water. Cover and let stand until cool
2. Squeeze any liquid left and fluff with a fork
Stage 2
1 small cucumber ( peeled )
½ tsp coarse salt
1. Dice the cucumbers in a small dice and toss with salt. Let stand 10 minutes
2. Rinse and pat dry
Stage 3
1 bunch parsley, washed, dried and chopped fine
1 green onion chopped small
1 tomato ( hothouse) peeled and small dice
1 tsp lemon juice
1 tsp olive oil
1. Salt and pepper to taste
2. Mix all of the above
Open Pita Pocket and stuff with Tabbouleh and Falafel. Drizzle with sesame sauce or Shish Taouk Sauce.
Hearty Manitoba Vegetable Soup
Homemade Bagels
Bagel Recipe
Ingredients
- 1 cup gluten-free flour
- 2 tsp baking powder
- 3/4 tsp kosher salt
- 1 cup Greek yogurt
- 1 egg white
- 1 egg
- toppings of choice
Cooking Instructions
- Preheat oven 400
- Line a sheet pan with parchment paper and spray with oil
- Combine dry ingredients
- In a separate bowl, whisk the egg white until frothy and then add yogurt
- Add wet ingredients to dry and mix
- The dough will be crumbly but should stick together
- Transfer to a dry clean surface with some flour and knead the dough
- Divide dough into however many bagels you want
- Shape into bagels
- In a small bowl, whisk egg and brush both sides of bagel, add toppings or leave plain
- Bake for 20 minutes
Plant-based Lasagna, Salad, Pesto, and Black Bean Brownies
Lunch with Bruce and Mindy
Whole Food Plant-Based – No SOS (Sugar, Oil, Salt)
Menu
- Lasagna
- Salad with Bruce’s killer salad dressing
- Pesto
- Black Bean Brownies
Preparation
- Soak Cashews at least 6 hours prior to cooking
- Make the black bean brownies ahead of time (recipe below)
Ingredients
Lasagna
- Whole wheat lasagna noodles
Tomato Sauce
- 1 large jar oil-free tomato sauce—We use Engine 2 company or whole foods fat-free
- 1 small can tomato paste
- 1⁄4 cup chopped basil
- 3 garlic cloves chopped
- 1 teaspoon thyme
- 2 teaspoons parsley
- 2 teaspoons oregano
- 1 cup carrots (optional)
Cashew Cream
- 11⁄2 cups cashews soaked
- 1⁄3 cup nutritional yeast
- 1⁄4 cup lemon juice
- 1 teaspoon garlic powder
- 1 teaspoon onion powder
- 1⁄4 cup nutritional yeast as a topping
Oil-Free/Cheese-Free Pesto
- 1 large pack fresh basil—at least 1 cup
- 1-3 cloves garlic
- 1⁄4 to 1⁄2 cup pine nuts
- Juice from one lemon
- 1⁄4 teaspoon Bragg Liquid Aminos
- 1⁄2 to 3⁄4 cup nutritional yeast
- 1⁄4 cup tofu or avocado (optional)
Salad
- Any fresh greens, and salad mixture of choice
Bruce’s Killer Salad Dressing
- 1⁄8 to 1⁄4 cup balsamic vinegar
- 1-2 cloves garlic finely chopped
- 1 teaspoon white wine
- The juice of 1⁄2 of a lemon
- 1⁄2 teaspoon Bragg Liquid Aminos or low sodium soy sauce
- Mustard, Maple syrup, Dill spice, Hot sauce, Capers
Black Bean Brownies
- 15 oz. can of cooked black beans drained and rinsed
- 11⁄2 cup date paste (1 cup pitted dates and 3⁄4 cup warm water blended together)
- 1⁄4 cup nut butter of choice
- 1⁄2 cup raw cacao powder
- 2 tablespoons ground flax seed
- 1 tablespoon vanilla extract
- 1⁄2 teaspoon baking powder
- 1⁄2 teaspoon baking soda (optional)
- 3⁄4 cup vegan chocolate chips (optional)
Instructions for Black Bean Brownies
- Line an 8-inch square baking dish with parchment paper.
- Blend dates and water to create a paste
- Add all additional ingredients except chocolate chips into a food processor and blend until smooth.
- Spoon chocolate chips into the batter and mix together
- Pour all into parchment paper-lined baking dish and cook for 20-30 minutes at 350 degrees depending on if you like a moister or drier brownie
Beans Mixture and Hummus Lettuce Wraps with Mac and Cheese
Beans Mixture and Hummus Lettuce Wraps
Makes 4 servings
Ingredients
- Seasoned Beans Mixture
- ¼ cup plain yogurt
- Juice of 1 lemon
Hummus Ingredients
- 1 (26-ounce) can chickpeas, drained
- 1/4 cup (60 ml) fresh lemon juice (1 large lemon)
- 1/4 cup (60 ml) tahini sauce
- 1 small garlic clove, minced
- 2 tablespoons (30 ml) extra-virgin olive oil
- 1/2 teaspoon ground cumin
- Salt to taste
- 2 to 3 tablespoons (30 to 45 ml) water
Lettuce Wraps
- 12 sturdy lettuce leaves, either iceberg, or Boston (preferably Boston)
- 1 cup hummus
- 1/4 hothouse or seedless cucumber, cut into thin strips
- 1/2 red or yellow bell pepper, seeded and cut into thin strips
- 1/4 cup fresh parsley leaves and tender stems
- 1 ounce feta cheese, crumbled
- 1/4 cup tahini sauce or favourite salad dressing
Directions:
- Combine yogurt and lemon juice.
- Place all hummus ingredients in a blender or food processor and blend on high speed until very smooth. If too thick, add a touch more olive oil or water. Alternatively, place ingredients in a tall sided container and blend using a handheld emersion blender (stick blender).
Assembly:
- Divide Seasoned Bean Mixture into 12 portions.
- Divide the cucumber, bell peppers, parsley, and Feta Cheese into 12 portions.
- Spread some of the Hummus that we made on a lettuce leaf.
- Place each portion into a lettuce leaf, top with beans and then drizzle with yogurt mix.
Quick Mac and Cheese from The Basic Shelf Cookbook
Makes 1 serving
Ingredients
- 1 cup (250 mL) elbow macaroni, uncooked
- 2 tbsp (30 mL) margarine
- 2 tbsp (30 mL) flour
- ¼ tsp dry mustard
- 1 cup (250 mL) milk (use fluid milk or make enough milk from skim milk powder)
- 1 cup (250 mL) grated
- Cheddar cheese
- Salt and pepper
Directions:
- Turn on stove to high heat. Add about 4 cups (1 L) of water to a large saucepan and heat until it boils. Add the elbow macaroni. Starting from the time the water boils again, cook for about 10 minutes, stirring several times. Drain and set aside.
- Meanwhile, melt margarine in a medium saucepan. Stir in flour and mustard. Add milk slowly, stirring all the time. Cook and stir until mixture boils and thickens.
- Turn stove to low heat. Add cheese and stir until cheese is melted and sauce is smooth.
- Add drained macaroni. Mix gently. Stir over low heat until mixture is hot.
- Add salt and pepper to taste.
- Serving idea: Toss in any leftover chicken, ground beef, ham or tuna. Have some carrots,
beans, peas, or other vegetable.
Quick Mac and Cheese from The Basic Shelf Cookbook
Makes 1 serving
Ingredients
- 1 cup (250 mL) elbow macaroni, uncooked
- 2 tbsp (30 mL) margarine
- 2 tbsp (30 mL) flour
- ¼ tsp dry mustard
- 1 cup (250 mL) milk (use fluid milk or make enough milk from skim milk powder)
- 1 cup (250 mL) grated
- Cheddar cheese
- Salt and pepper
Directions:
- Turn on stove to high heat. Add about 4 cups (1 L) of water to a large saucepan and heat until it boils. Add the elbow macaroni. Starting from the time the water boils again, cook for about 10 minutes, stirring several times. Drain and set aside.
- Meanwhile, melt margarine in a medium saucepan. Stir in flour and mustard. Add milk slowly, stirring all the time. Cook and stir until mixture boils and thickens.
- Turn stove to low heat. Add cheese and stir until cheese is melted and sauce is smooth.
- Add drained macaroni. Mix gently. Stir over low heat until mixture is hot.
- Add salt and pepper to taste.
- Serving idea: Toss in any leftover chicken, ground beef, ham or tuna. Have some carrots,
beans, peas, or other vegetable.
Apple Pancakes
Makes 12 pancakes.
Ingredients
- 2 cups flour
- 1/4 cup brown sugar
- 4 tsp baking powder
- 1 tsp salt
- 1 tsp cinnamon
- 2 eggs
- 1/2 cup oil
- 2 cups milk
- 1 medium apple peeled and grated
Instructions
- Mix all the dry ingredients together in a bowl and set aside.
- Mix the wet ingredients together in a small bowl.
- Slowly add the wet mixture into the dry ingredients until everything is mixed together.
- Pour mixture into small circles on a frying pan on medium-high heat. Cook until brown on both sides, serve hot.
Apple Chicken Fajitas
Ingredients
- 4-6 boneless chicken breasts
- 3~ apples (no core, diced or cut small)
- 1~ onion (chopped)
- 2 Peppers (1 green 1 other)
- 1 teaspoon butter or oil (for pan)
- 1 pack of fajitas
- 4 bacon strips (maple preferred)
- Salt and pepper (to taste)
- Pepper and onion spices
- Cheese (shredded, to taste)
- Fajita mix for chicken
Instructions
- Preheat the oven to 375° F
- Add chicken breasts to a baking sheet covered in tin foil. Bake at 375°F for 20-30 minutes until cooked through.
- In a frying pan, sauté the apples, onions, and peppers in some oil or butter with the spices to taste on medium-high heat until the vegetables and apples are soft.
- Chop the chicken as desired. Prepare fajitas with the vegetable mix, chicken, cheese, precooked bacon, and any other spices or toppings to taste. Enjoy!
Salad with Apples and Walnuts
Ingredients
- Torn lettuce and mixed greens
- 1 cucumber
- ½ cup of cherry tomatoes
- 1 red apple
- ½ cup quinoa
- ½ cup of thinly sliced strawberries
- ½ cup of walnuts
- Dressing: salt, 2 tbs of lemon juice, 2 tbs olive oil and 1 tbs vinegar.
Instructions
- Cook quinoa in a saucepan on the stovetop according to package instructions, set aside.
- In a small bowl, mix together the salt, lemon juice, olive oil, and vinegar. Set aside.
- Chop fruit and vegetables into bite-sized pieces.
- Chop walnuts if desired, or leave whole.
- In a large bowl, mix together the chopped fruit and vegetables, quinoa, and walnuts. Drizzle the dressing over the salad mix and toss to mix well. Serve and enjoy!
Additional Recipes
How do you define a healthy recipe? Does a healthy diet mean low calories?
Healthy recipes vary in calories and ingredients. A low-calorie diet does not necessarily mean healthy food. Healthy food is rich with nutritious ingredients needed for our bodies to sustain our patterns of healthy living.
Here are a few tasty, nutritious meals and snacks that are easy to make, selected by the Health Promotion team.
Breakfast:
Lunch:
Dinner:
Healthy Swaps
Here are a few healthier swap tips, as well as a list of ingredients you can swap in and out depending on what you’re making. Dive in!
- Try roasting instead of frying: Oven baking can give you a crunchy taste yet is healthier than deep-frying.
- Eat the rainbow: Enjoy food that is a variety of colours (naturally). “Eating the rainbow” is associated with health benefits.
- Choose whole-grain options: Eating food high in fibre, such as whole grains, lowers your risk of developing cardiovascular disease and digestive illness, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and colon cancer.
- Plant-based proteins: Choosing foods made from plant-based protein is a good way to eat healthy, delicious snacks.
- Go fish: Choose fresh or frozen fish to get great sources of omega-3 fats. Try to avoid fried, battered, or breaded options and opt for canned fish with low to no added sodium.
- Shake your salt habit: Use herbs as alternatives to added salt. Try dill, thyme, parsley and more to find what you enjoy.
Nutrition Tools
Check out these helpful nutrition tools.
- This website includes information on nutrition and exam time energy boosters.
- This website includes tips for eating better, feeling better, and focusing better: the balanced way to increase your GPA.
- This website is for ways to practice mindful eating.
- This article demonstrates healthy foods and misconceptions.
- The Canada Food Guide fact sheets include a variety of healthy eating tips and recommendations.
- Telehealth Ontario offers access to free advice from a Registered Dietitian.
Watch the Video Below for Nutrition Tips
Caffeine
Caffeine
Caffeine is a stimulant and works by tricking your body into thinking it’s not tiring and postponing fatigue. Moderate caffeine consumption may improve mental functioning and decrease fatigue. However, over-consumption of caffeine can cause irritability, headaches, low blood pressure and difficulty sleeping and can worsen mood disorders such as anxiety and depression. Caffeine effects vary based on size, weight, health, tolerance, quantity, and interactions with other drugs. You may want to cut back if you drink more than 400mg/day (~4 coffees).
Cutting Down on Caffeine
- Understand the signs of caffeine addiction, such as cravings, tolerance, withdrawal, and a negative impact on daily life.
- Know the benefits to cut down or quit, including less anxiety, better sleep, fewer headaches, financial savings, healthier, and whiter teeth, etc.
- Try coffee alternatives: chai, green, and rooibos tea, cacao, chicory root, and golden milk.
- Gradually reduce caffeine consumption and substitute beverages to lessen the effects of withdrawal.
- Know the challenges associated with cutting back on caffeine such as withdrawal, cravings, stress, and mood changes. Please use stress management guides and relaxation techniques when needed.
Fitness
Check out a range of fitness tips and tools to help you live a healthy lifestyle.
Watch the Video Below for Fitness Tips